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Freda Christy
Geregistreerd op: 11 Jun 2020
Berichten: 3
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 Geplaatst: 11-06-2020 05:18:37 Onderwerp: puma slides |
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ÿþ Similarly, ErbB4 undergoes new balance australia mitochondrial translocalization and subsequently interacts with the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2, leading to apoptosis [ 25 ]. Unlike p53 and ErbB4, EGFR and EGFRvIII interact with proapoptotic PUMA to antagonize mitochondrial transport of PUMA, leading to reduced levels of apoptosis and increased cell survival. Together, these findings describe a new class of protein-protein interactions that occurs between Bcl-2 and non-Bcl-2 proteins, and that these interactions regulate intrinsic mitochondria-mediated apoptosis.
El uso de cámaras-trampa tiene ventajas sobre a radio-telemetría para proveer de datos de un conjunto de individuos de una área de estudio. Los 23 jaguares identificados individualmente mostraron un alto grado de sobreposición de sus áreas de actividad, con hasta 5 individuos fotografiados en el mismo sitio en un mes. Registramos baja consistencia en las áreas de actividad ("home ranges") en períodos de 3 meses a dos años, con bajos niveles de new balance shoes separación espacial entre individuos pero con un alto flujo de individuos.
These generic patterns are not observed in all field studies. Ranges of males overlap for jaguars, pumas, and leopards in areas where densities of females are high and ranges are overlapping ( Muckenhirn and Eisenberg 1973 ; new balance 247 Núñez et al. 2002 ). In this case, it seems likely that males as well as females are responding to clumped distributions of prey, and dominance hierarchies may be expressed in other ways than exclusive territories. If distribution patterns of males are dictated by the strategy that maximizes the number of mating opportunities for the dominant males ( Sandell 1989 ), subordinates may be more focused on finding food and consequently have similar land-tenure strategies as females.
Although recognition of individual pumas may be possible under certain circumstances ( Kelly et al. 2008 ), new balance 574 in the present study individual pumas could not be identified with certainty over the long term because of their plain brown coat pattern ( Harmsen 2006 ).Here we analyze temporal and spatial interactions between a uniquely large sample of individuals to tackle 2 fundamental questions about the function of jaguar movements in resource exploitation: Does spatial overlap of ranges of males depend on hierarchies of residence? Are temporal interactions of jaguars with pumas distinguishable from conspecific interactions.
These components of behavior were sampled more representatively than is possible with telemetry by using an array of more than 100 camera stations. Camera traps were placed on established and newly opened trails traversing the dense forest matrix. These trails are the major corridors of travel for both jaguars and pumas, and individuals present within the immediate area of a camera are reliably caught on camera ( Harmsen 2006 ; Maffei et al. 2004 ; Rabinowitz and Nottingham 1986 ). Additional high-density camera arrays sampling small areas (10 km 2 ) on and off trails showed that off-trail photographs of jaguars were accompanied in 95% of the instances by on-trail new balance outlet photographs of the same individuals on the same day ( Harmsen 2006 ).
We were therefore able to use the time interval between individual captures at a camera location as an index of presence in an area, with longer intervals between recaptures of the same individual indicating that it had traveled farther away. This format permitted testing interspecific interactions of jaguars with pumas in relation to intraspecific interactions among individual jaguars. Interaction can be interpreted from a frequency distribution through time that is more regular than random, indicating mutual [img]http://www.simplypotterheads.com/images/lose/new balance outlet-680mil.jpg[/img] avoidance, or more aggregated than random, indicating mutual attraction. |
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